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Rev. Dr. Charles Albert Tindley (July 7, 1851 – July 26, 1933) was an American Methodist minister and gospel music composer. Often referred to as "The Prince of Preachers", he educated himself, became a minister and founded one of the largest Methodist congregations serving the African-American community on the East Coast of the United States. Tindley's father was a slave, but his mother was free. Tindley himself was thus considered to be free, but even so he grew up among slaves. After the Civil War, he moved to Philadelphia, where he found employment as a hod carrier (brick carrier). He and his wife Daisy attended the Bainbridge St. Methodist Episcopal Church. Charles later became the sexton, a job with no salary. 〔 Jones, Ralph H. "Charles Albert Tindley, Prince of Preachers." Abingdon, 1982 p. 22-23.〕 Never able to go to school, Tindley learned independently and by asking people to tutor him. He enlisted the help of a Philadelphia synagogue on North Broad St. to learn Hebrew and learned Greek by taking a correspondence course through the Boston Theological School. * 〔 Jones,Ralph H. ''Charles Albert Tindley,Prince of Preachers.'' Abingdon, 1982,pp 37. 〕 Without any degree, Tindley was qualified for ordination in the Methodist Episcopal Church by examination, with high ranking scores. He was ordained as a Deacon in the Delaware Conference in 1887 and as an elder in 1889. As was the practice of the ME church, Tindley was assigned by his bishop to serve as an itinerant pastor staying a relatively short time at each charge: 1885 to Cape May, New Jersey, 1887 to South Wilmington, Delaware, 1889 to Odessa, Delaware. 1891 to Pocomoke, Maryland, 1894 to Fairmount, Maryland, and 1897 to Wilimington Delaware at Ezion Methodist Church. In 1900 he became the Presiding Elder of the Wilmington District. 〔 Jones,Ralph H. "Charles Albert Tindley, Prince of Preachers." Abingdon, 1982,pp 15-17.〕 Tindley then became the pastor of the same church at which he had been a janitor. Under his leadership, the church grew rapidly from the 130 members it had when he arrived. In 1906 the congregation moved from Bainbridge St. to Broad and Fitzwater Sts. and was renamed East Calvary Methodist Episcopal Church. The property was purchased from the Westminster Presbyterian church and seated 900, though it was soon filled to overflowing. The congregation over time grew to a multiracial congregation of 10,000.() After his death, the church was renamed "Tindley Temple." The Tindley Temple United Methodist Church was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2011. Tindley was acquainted with politicians and business leaders in Philadelphia, including John Wanamaker. He worked with business leaders to assist his members in finding jobs. He also encouraged members to start their own businesses and purchase homes. The church formed the East Calvary Building and Loan Association to offer mortgages. 〔 Jones, Ralph H. "Charles Albert Tindley, Prince of Preachers." Abingdon, 1982 p. 46-47. 〕 Tindley also solicited donations from businessmen of food for the congregation's ministry of feeding the needy. Tindley objected to social events that he considered degrading, including the 1912 Cake Walk and Ball, and The Soap Box Minstrels show at the Academy of Music on Broad and Locust Streets. In 1915, Tindley and other leaders, including Rev. Wesley Graham, led protesters in a march to the Forrest Theater to protest against the showing of D. W. Griffith's film ''The Birth of a Nation''. They were attacked by whites with clubs, sticks, and bottles. Graham was hospitalized; Tindley's injuries were treated at home.〔 Jones, Ralph H. "Charles Albert Tindley, Prince of Preachers." Abingdon, 1982 p. 64, 57.〕 Tindley was given a Doctor of Divinity Degree by Bennett College and Morgan College in Baltimore Md. 〔 Jones, Ralph H. "Charles Albert Tindley, Prince of Preachers." Abingdon, 1982 p. 37.〕 Tindley was a noted songwriter and composer of gospel hymns and is recognized as one of the founding fathers of American gospel music. Five of his hymns appear in the 1989 ''United Methodist Hymnal''. His composition "I'll Overcome Someday"〔(I'll Overcome Someday lyrics )〕 is credited by some observers to be the basis for the U.S. Civil Rights anthem "We Shall Overcome,". The song "We Shall Overcome" was composed by artists at the Highlander Folk School in 1947: Tindley's song had been brought to the school in the 1930s by tobacco workers from Charleston, South Carolina. Zilphia Horton, cultural worker and educator, taught the song at the school, where others, such as Pete Seeger and Guy Carawan, heard it. They altered Tindley's refrain "I'll Overcome Someday" to "We Shall Overcome" and the song was slowed down to be sung as a march hymn.〔(We Shall Overcome: The Song )〕 Another of his notable hymns is "(Take Your Burden to the Lord and) Leave It There" (1916), which has been included in several hymnals and has been recorded by numerous artists in a variety of styles. Others are "Stand by Me" (1905) and "What Are They Doing in Heaven?" (1901). Tindley published his songs beginning in 1901, and published several hymn collections, including ''Soul Echoes'' in 1905 (enlarged edition "''No. 2''", 1909) and a series beginning with ''New Songs Of Paradise!'' in 1916.〔James Abbington, in ''Beams of Heaven: Hymns of Charles Albert Tindley (1851-1933)'', 2006, ISBN 1-933663-03-0, p. x〕 A posthumous ''New Songs of Paradise, No. 6'' in 1941 was the first collection to bring together all 46 of Tindley's published hymns, though in some cases stanzas that had previously been published were left out. ''Beams of Heaven: Hymns of Charles Albert Tindley (1851-1933)'' (2006) restores the full original complement of verses.〔S. T. Kimbrough, Jr., in ''Beams of Heaven: Hymns of Charles Albert Tindley (1851-1933)'', 2006, ISBN 1-933663-03-0, p. iii〕 == See also == * 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Charles Albert Tindley」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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